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cities bushehr
Bushehr, city in southwestern Iran, located on the Persian
Gulf in a vast plain running along the coastal region, the
capital of Bushehr Province. Bushehr is a major fishing and
commercial port (so called Bandar-e Bushehr). It is one of
the chief ports of Iran and is at a distance of 1,218 km.
from Tehran, and has a hot, humid climate.
The strategic location of city of Bushehr has been the main
reason for the establishment of the port of Bushehr. During
the 1st and 2nd Millennium BCE, the Peninsula of Bushehr was
a thriving and flourishing seat of civilization called "Rey
Shahr". Many relics have been found in this regard related
to the Elamite era and the civilization of Shoush (Susa).
These structures of "Rey Shahr" are said to be related to
Ardeshir of Sassanid dynasty and "Rey Shahr" was formerly
known by the name of Ram Ardeshir. Thereby through the
passage of time came to be called Rey Shahr and thence
Bushehr.
It is obvious that the Persian Gulf and consequently the
province of Bushehr enjoys a remarkable situation with trade
in addition to its remarkable situation regarding military
affairs. For these reasons the Europeans were interested to
take control of the region and the city of Bushehr. The
Portugese, invaded the city of Bushehr in 1506 CE and
attempted to take the place of the Egyptian and the Vinecian
traders who were dominant in the region.
In 1734 Nader Shah of Afsharid dynasty chose it as the site
for an Iranian naval base. During the Zand era, the region
was a place for political challenges between different
political groups. When the Qajar dynasty replaced the Zand
dynasty, they gain less control on the region of the Persian
Gulf, so the British influence in the region increased
gradually.
At the end of the 18th century, the British and Dutch
transferred their regional commercial offices to Bushehr,
and during the 19th century the town was prominent as the
home of the British political agent for the Persian Gulf.
The Consulate General of British governed Bushehr for 20
years. This situation had lasted till 1913, and during the
long battle between the Iranian and the British troops, the
Iranians lost in 1857 and the British influence expanded to
include all the Persian Gulf cost. But in 1913 the Iranians
won the long battle. Consecuently Britain moved its
diplomatic and commercial center across the Persian Gulf to
the Arabian Peninsula at the beginning of the 20th century.
The city was economically depressed until the 1960s when the
government initiated a major development program. In 1975
the government began building a nuclear power plant at
Bushehr. This facility was only partially completed when it
was bombed by Iraq during the Iran-Iraq War (1980-1988).
When Germany, the initial backer of the plant, declined to
complete it after the war, Iran tried to secure aid from
other countries. In 1995, however, Russia signed an
agreement to finish the plant.
Bushehr is one of the important ports in Persian Gulf which
has an international airport, and highways connect the city
to Ahvaz to the northwest and Shiraz to the northeast. A
secondary coastal road links Bushehr to Bandar-e Abbas to
the southwest. The old section of central Bushehr has many
examples of traditional Persian Gulf architecture from the
period 1870 to 1920.
Bushehr is an export market for the farm produce of the
neighboring and fertile Fars Province. Bushehr's industries
include seafood canneries, food-processing plants, and
engineering firms. It has a population of 205,320 (2001
estimate).
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